• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    1526653 Automatic control of electro-erosion ATELIERS DES CHARMILLES SA 27 April 1977 [5 May 1976] 17495/77 Heading G3N [Also in Division B3] In an electro-discharge machining process, a tool 1 is moved vertically by a servo 5, 6 into a workpiece 2 and is simultaneously moved in a horizontal plane by a slide table 7 controlled by a variable eccentricity mechanism 13 driven by a stepping motor 8. Machining is carried out in a series of passes to produce a number of successive surfaces, the final envelope of which corresponds to a desired profile. The shape may be cylindrical, conical or hemispherical, Figs. 2-5 (not shown), and is determined by the setting of switches S1-4 and a cam 23. Control is effected by logic circuitry responsive to a pulse generator 53 and including a shift register 51, bi-stable 58 and monostable 59. The size of the machining gap is controlled by a voltage detector 24 and feedback loop 25-30 acting on the servo 5, 6.
    公开号:SU986292A3
    申请号:SU772477002
    申请日:1977-05-04
    公开日:1982-12-30
    发明作者:Пфо Жан；Вавр Ален；Шнейдер Рудольф
    申请人:Ателье Де Шармий С.А. (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) METHOD FOR ELECTRIC PROTECTION PROCESSING
    one
    The invention relates to electrophysical and electrochemical processing methods, and in particular, to an electroerosive treatment method.
    The known method of electroerosive processing in which the tool electrode simultaneously with the working feed is informed by a circular perpendicular displacement with an increasing radius of rotation, as a result of which the electrode tool moves at an angle to the direction of the work feed, and the process is carried out in the following mode Ct.
    The disadvantage of the known method is that it has limitations on the depth of processing of the grooves and the low effectiveness of protection against short circuits.
    The purpose of the invention is the implementation of the processing of deep grooves while simultaneously protecting the exposed nosepxHOCjH from short circuits.
    This goal is achieved by the fact that the processing process is carried out through several successive transitions, during each of which the tool electrode is moved along the above path to the envelope of the specified part contour, and each subsequent transition is carried out with an offset
    10 electrode tools for a given. a step in the direction of the working feed, and the dilution of the tool electrode with the part in the event of a short circuit occurs at
    15 above the trajectory in the opposite direction. .
    FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the device for the implementation of the proposed. way; in fig. 2 -5 options for moving the electrode-tool and the workpiece, which can be obtained using the device shown in Fig.1.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    The device (Fig. 1) contains an electrode-tool 1, designed to process the electrode-part 2 by means of electrical discharges generated by the current source 3, by means of a generator C of pulses. The movements of the electrode 1 in the direction of the part 2 in the direction of the arrow f are performed by a conventional servo drive comprising a fixed suit 5 and a movable part 6. The electrode 1 is connected to the movable part 6 via a table 7 with a cross-shaped movement. This article 7 allows the implementation of-. the transverse displacement of the electrode 1 relative to its longitudinal axis, i.e. in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction f. The lateral movements of the electrode 1 are carried out by an electric motor 8 fixed on the plate 9 of the table 7. This plate can perform translational movement relative to the plate 10 of the table 7 and this plate 10 can also perform translational movement relative to the plate 11 associated with the movable part 6, With this the last mentioned translational movement occurs in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the first translational movement. The motor 8 rotates, via its shaft 12, the variable eccentricity mechanism 13, which consists of two parts Vt and 15, which can be pulled to a friend by a spring 16. Detail I has a straight groove with balls 17 at an angle of 5 ° relative to the axis of rotation parts rotated by motor 8. Part 15 can rotate and move axially in bore 18 of support 19 associated with plate I. The axial position of the part $ 1 is determined by IUTO iKcM 20, which can move the axle. The axial movement of the rod 20 causes the part 15 to slip in the bore 18, therefore, the axial relative movement of the part I, the presence of the groove 17, this axial movement leads to an eccl | eccentricity between the rod 20 and the shaft 12. When the engine 8 rotates, this rod together with the shaft 12 It is used as an eccentric with variable eccentricity relative to the axis of the rod 20. To create the possibility of adjusting the eccentricity of the mechanism 13, the rod 20 has an upright part 21 that interacts with the carriage 22, which can move vertically using a screw 23 rotated by an electric motor 2k. A position sensor 25 is also installed on the carriage 22, which produces an electrical signal corresponding to the position of the carriage 22 by means of a probe 2b interacting with a cam 27, the inclination of which is adjusted to create the possibility of influencing certain parameters of the displacements of the electrode 1. The device also has a sensor 28 that controls potential of electrode 1 and producing an electric beam showing the length of the spark gap between electrode 1 and the part
    [2]
    2. An electrical signal is applied to a comparator 29, where it is compared with a reference electrical value of 30 corresponding to the required spark gap. The output signal of the comparator 29 after passing through the amplifier 31 is fed to another comparator 32, to KOTOR via circuit 33 a signal can be received, based on the axial position of the rod 20, using the circuits described below. The output of comparator 32 is fed through amplifier 3 to a servo. The signal from Circuit 33 displays the eccentricity of the input displacement transmitted by the electrode by the mechanism 13. For this purpose, the sensor 35 sensitive to the axial position of the part 15 produces an analog electrical signal, JJ (a function of this eccentricity. This signal is fed through the circuit 36 to one of the three inputs of the comparator 37 The comparator 37 has one more input 38 for the signal representing the desired eccentricity value.This comparator along circuit 39 in which there is an interrupter O, also receives the signal of the sensor 25 polo the carriage 22. The signal of the comparator 37 is fed through the amplifier AI into the circuit 33. The output signal of the amplifier is also fed through the circuit 42 to the shift register 43, which is shifted by the pulses applied to the input 44. The pulses are generated by the generator 45 pulses, providing power to the engine 8, which is a stepper motor. The power pulses of the motor 8 are fed to a divider 46, the division factor of which is set so that after each complete rotation of the motor 8 to receive a number of pulses equal to register steps 43. Thus, when the displacement amplitude reaches a radius determined by a signal at input 38, comparator 37 outputs the output signal to amplifier k}. The output signal is fed through circuit 33 to comparator 32 to prevent the feed signal from being transmitted to the servo. The output signal of the amplifier il is also fed to the shift register k3. If the radius determined by the signal at input 38 is reached evenly with the full rotation of the engine 8, then all steps of register 3 have output 1. Signals of the register are fed to logic circuit 47, having as many inputs as steps contains register AZ. At the same time, the AND kj circuit produces a signal that, on the one hand, is fed to the input of the OR kS logic circuit and to the multivibrate input with two stable positions 9 and, on the other hand, to the waiting multivibrator 50. Switch 51 allows the signal from output 52 of the multivibrator U9, or the output signal of the trigger 50 through the interrupter 53 to the terminal of the motor 2 to bring the latter into rotation in the direction corresponding to lowering the carriage 22 Another output of the trigger 50 is connected via the interrupter 5 and the logic circuit 55 to the motor terminal b 2 to bring the latter into rotation and move the carriage 22 upward. The device also contains means for limiting the carriage stroke 22 upwards. These means are an interrupter 5b, triggered when the carriage is in the upper position. In this position, the interrupter 5b, asleep by finger 57, sends a signal O to the input of logic circuit 55, as a result of which the latter the signal that causes the carriage to rise. 22. A device that implements the pre-. This method works as follows. During processing, the engine 8 is turned on, resulting in an electrode. 1 is circularly driven in a plane perpendicular to its main feed axis in the direction of the part 2, the radius of the translational movement being determined by the eccentricity between the shaft 12 and the rod 20. When the stop 21 does not contact the carriage 22, the spring 16 pulls back the rod 20 is down until the parts 1 and 15 are pressed against each other by the sides and take a position where the eccentricity between the shaft 12 and the rod 20 is zero. If one regulates the position of the carriage 22, lowering it below the level of the stop 21 at the beginning of processing, one always receives first translational movement of zero radius, i.e. immersing the electrode 1 in the part along its feed axis, without translational movement relative to this axis. When the depth of entry of electrode 1 into part 2 reaches a sufficient value at which the stop comes into contact with carriage 22, the subsequent displacement of electrode 1 downwards causes relative movement of the rod and plate 11, i.e. An eccentricity is created between the rod 20 and the shaft 12, increasing linearly as a function of the downward feed rate of the electrode 1. Thus, the electrode 1 performs a translational movement, the radius of which increases linearly as a function of the electrode feed, resulting in each point of the electrode moving along a conical surface, the axis of which is parallel to the electrode feed direction. FIG. Figure 2 shows the axial and radial movement of a specific point of the electrode when the kQ switches, 51, 53 and 5 are in the position shown in Fig. 1. At that moment, when the stop 21 encounters the carriage 22, this point of the electrode is at the level of ZQ and, due to the increase in the radius of the translational movement, it moves along the cone, which forms the reference Cd. When the eccentricity reaches R0 during the full cycle time T ,, of the progressive movement, the signal produced by the sensor 35 becomes larger than the specified signal at input 38, as a result of which the circuit kj produces a signal, I recall the appearance at the input 52 of the waiting pulse 50 of a certain moment duration. This pulse enters through the interrupters 55 and 53 to the 2k motor, which in this case causes the carriage 22 to move downwards. The magnitude of this movement is determined by the duration of the pulse emitted by the trigger 50 and the speed of rotation of the engine 2. Lowering the carriage 22 causes a decrease in the eccentricity of the translational motion and the processing continues along the conical surface, the top of which is indicated by Z, until the eccentricity again reaches R (j From this point on, the cycle of operation of the motor 2 is repeated, and it can be seen that the processing is carried out by lowering the electrode 1 into the part 2, which is accompanied by circular movements Gradually increasing radius electrodes that cyclically repeat. The limiting eccentricities are represented by an E cylinder concentric with the main axis. This processing method is very advantageous, especially in the case of machining deep holes. The combination of axial feed of the electrode and its translational movement gives the resultant movement of the problem at an angle to the axis of the electrode, in pesyjjbTaTe of which the treatment is carried out simultaneously on the bottom and on the side wall of the hole. In the case of arcing or short-circuiting, the discharge of the electrode also occurs at an angle, as a result of which the latter strikes not only from the bottom of the hole, but also from its side wall, and prevents the arc from remaining between the side surfaces of the electrode and the hole. Finally, the translational movement in combination with the feed movement allows a much better update of the auxiliary liquid in the treatment zone and compared with the purely axial feed of the electrode. FIG. Figure 2 also shows a dotted and another law for the supply of an electrode, which is established when the chopper 0 is closed. In this case, the comparator 37 receives the signal of the position sensor 2. By varying the inclination of the cam 27 or even the installation of the opposite inclination, it is possible to have a corresponding effect on the inclination of the envelope E of the extreme positions of processing, denoted by ,, R, Such a scheme allows to obtain cavities that taper or expand in the direction of tool penetration into the part. In the latter case, it is necessary that the end portion of the electrode has a larger diameter than the electrode body. FIG. Figure 3 shows another mode of operation of the device shown in Fig. 1, by which successive passes can be made during processing with the same penetration of the electrode for all passes of the electrode into the workpiece, but with a gradually increasing radius of circular translational motion. To obtain such an electrode feed, it is necessary that the kQ breaker be closed, the switch 51 be connected to the output of the 4E multivibrator, the breaker 53 is connected to the logic circuit 55, and the breaker 5 is open. When the limiting trajectory of the translational motion is reached, the signal from the output of the circuit 47 sets the multivibrator to the position at which its output 52 is present 1. This output signal causes the carriage 22 to rise through the interrupter 53 and the circuit 55 until the impulse formed all the time when the engine 2k is rotated by an amount corresponding to a certain movement of the carriage 22, for example, whenever the latter moves to the distance of a fraction of a millimeter. It should be noted that raising the carriage leads to an increase in the eccentricity of the mechanism 13, which causes a decrease in the spark gap and, therefore, the inclusion of a servo drive 5.6 in the direction of the electrode tap, which nullifies the increase in eccentricity. Thus, whenever a forward movement reaches a limit trajectory, such as T, Tg, T, ..., servo drive 5.6 causes the electrode to retract without changing the trajectory span, and the processing continues until a large radius trajectory is reached, the signal generated by sensor 28 is changed by the signal emitted by sensor 25. In FIG. C shows the law of movement, in which oblique processing is provided for several consecutive passes, each passage being separated from the next transition, in which the translational eccentricity is zero. This mode of operation is obtained when the AO interrupter is closed; , the circuit breaker 51 is connected to the three arcs 50, 53 to the terminal a, and 5 is closed. At the beginning of processing, the carriage 22 takes its uppermost position, at which the interrupter 56 is closed, and delivers a zero signal to the input of the circuit 55. After the first pass at the end of which the eccentricity reaches the R value, the carriage 22 is lowered by the amount necessary to obtain a close to zero the eccentricity, and this value is provided by adjusting the Duration of the unstable state of the trigger 50. During the lowering of the carriage 22, the interrupter 5b sends a signal 1 to the circuit 55, as a result, when the trigger 50 returns to the mouth In view of the condition, its signal from output 53 causes the carriage 22 to rise until the interrupter 56 triggers. The interrupter 5b is installed with friction on its holder and is equipped with a bent finger 57 that penetrates the gap under the carriage 22. Thus, during lowering of the carriage 22, the interrupter 5b is moved down a distance shorter than the length of the carriage movement. Consequently, the carriage 22 rises only to the Z position, while the processing of the Z position, and the processing continues to RQ ,, greater than R, since the signal of the sensor 35 is corrected by the sensor 251 AND the cycle is repeated until the desired processing depth is reached. FIG. Figure 5 shows the mode of operation in which the extreme positions of the displacements of the electrode point are bounded by a hemispherical surface. To ensure this mode of operation, the interrupter "O is closed, 51 is connected to the output of the flip-flop 50, 53 - to the terminal a and 5t is opened. Consequently, these interrupters occupy the same positions as in FIG. 2 to obtain eccentricities R, R2I, etc. inscribed in a bending E. The linear platform of the cam 27 is replaced by a surface whose shape corresponds to the desired spherical envelope. Such an envelope of displacements in the axial and radial directions offers exceptional advantages since it allows to ensure the maximum accuracy of the processing of the cavity, which has: any shape. It is possible to envisage numerous changes to the proposed device, in particular, to replace the sensor 52 and the cam 27 with a rotating cam, driven in rotation, with possible demultiplication, with a 2k motor, and this cam interacts with the position indicator, giving a signal to the circuit 39. In addition, the end of the rod 20 may be threaded to enable it to be set in motion by a 2k motor by means of a wheel having a corresponding threaded boring, the axial position of this wheel remaining unchanged. . Claims The method of electroerosive processing in which the tool electrode simultaneously with the working feed is reported to have a circular, perpendicular displacement with an increasing radius of rotation, and the processing is carried out in the following mode, characterized in that in order to carry out the processing of deep grooves while effectively protecting the treated surface from short circuits, the processing is carried out. For several successive transitions during each of which the movement the tool electrode along the above path to the envelope of the specified part contour, and each subsequent transition is carried out with the tool electrode offset by a given step in the direction of the working feed, and the tool electrode is bred with the part when the short circuit occurs at the above path in the opposite direction. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate Vf 468751, cl. B 23 P 1/02, 196.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE2718903A1|1977-11-17|
    US4135070A|1979-01-16|
    JPS52134199A|1977-11-10|
    GB1526653A|1978-09-27|
    IT1083245B|1985-05-21|
    FR2350165B1|1980-04-18|
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    CH595184A5|1978-02-15|
    DE2718903C2|1984-06-14|
    FR2350165A1|1977-12-02|
    引用文献:
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    US4608476A|1983-09-22|1986-08-26|Japax Incorporated|Retraction control for 3D-path controlled generic electrode electroerosion|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CH561476A|CH595184A5|1976-05-05|1976-05-05|
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